IELTS Problem and Solution Essays

How to structure it

1. Introduction

   Paraphrase the problem and say that you will look at its causes and how to address them.

2. Body 1

   Explain the main cause of the problem, developed with an example.

3. Body 2

   Give a solution that directly tackles that cause, and explain how it would help.

4. Conclusion

   Summarise the main cause and its solution.

Common mistakes that cost marks

• Solutions that do not match the causes you gave. Tie each solution back to a specific cause.
• Vague solutions like "the government should take action" with no detail on what action.
• Writing about effects when the question asks for causes, or the reverse.
• Listing five shallow causes instead of developing one or two.

Problem, cause and solution practice prompts (5)

• crime and punishment In many countries, the level of crime committed by young people is rising. What are the causes of this problem, and what measures could be taken to address it?
• cities and transport Traffic congestion is becoming a serious problem in many large cities. What are the main causes of this problem, and what solutions can you suggest?
• health In many countries people are eating less healthily than they did in the past, leading to a rise in diet related illness. What are the causes of this problem, and what can be done to solve it?
• environment Many species of plants and animals are becoming extinct as a result of human activity. What are the causes of this problem, and what measures could be taken to protect wildlife?
• globalisation In many developing countries, a large number of skilled and educated people choose to move abroad to work. Why does this happen, and what can be done to encourage them to stay?